What Is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of it. These misplaced cells can attach to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other pelvic organs, causing inflammation, scarring, and pain. In some cases, endometriosis can also affect fertility or make menstrual symptoms more severe.
Because everyone’s experience is unique, providers often classify endometriosis using a system of stages. According to the Endometriosis Foundation of America,* those stages are:
| Stage | Description |
| Stage I (Minimal) | A few small endometrial implants with little or no scar tissue |
| Stage II (Mild) | More implants, sometimes deeper in surrounding tissue |
| Stage III (Moderate) | Multiple implants, early adhesions, or cysts |
| Stage IV (Severe) | Extensive implants, large cysts, and dense scar tissue |
During your diagnostic appointment, our goal is to identify the cause of your pain early and help you manage it with compassion, evidence-based care, and long-term support.
Common Symptoms of Endometriosis
Endometriosis symptoms can vary, but common signs include:
- Pelvic pain before or during your period
- Pain during intercourse
- Pain during bowel movements or urination
- Heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding
- Fatigue or digestive issues
- Difficulty becoming pregnant
If you notice any of these symptoms, talk to your provider. Early evaluation can help prevent complications and improve your quality of life.
How Endometriosis Is Diagnosed
Your provider will begin by reviewing your symptoms and medical history, followed by a pelvic exam or imaging such as ultrasound. In some cases, a laparoscopy—a minimally invasive surgical procedure—may be recommended. Laparoscopy allows your provider to see the endometrial tissue directly and confirm a diagnosis, which helps guide treatment options.
At UWH of Pennsylvania, our providers take the time to walk you through each step, explain your results, and help you feel supported throughout the diagnostic process.
Treatment Options for Endometriosis
Because endometriosis affects everyone differently, your treatment plan will be individualized to your needs, symptoms, and reproductive goals. Options may include:
- Medication management
- Hormonal birth control to regulate cycles and reduce pain
- Hormone therapies such as GnRH agonists or antagonists
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for symptom relief
Minimally Invasive Surgery
If medications don’t provide enough relief—or if you’re hoping to conceive—your provider may recommend laparoscopic surgery to remove endometrial tissue. These procedures often offer faster recovery times, less discomfort, and improved fertility outcomes.
Ongoing Support from UWH of Pennsylvania
Endometriosis is a chronic condition, but it can be managed successfully. Our team offers continued care, symptom tracking, and fertility counseling to help you live more comfortably and confidently.
Don’t let pain disrupt your daily life. Schedule an appointment with a UWH of Pennsylvania provider to discuss your symptoms and explore your treatment options. We’re here to listen, guide, and help you take back control of your health.
FAQs
Can endometriosis affect fertility?
Yes. Endometriosis can make it more difficult to become pregnant, but many patients are able to conceive with treatment. Your provider can discuss options such as surgery or fertility support.
Is endometriosis curable?
While there’s no permanent cure, treatment can greatly reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. Many people find lasting relief through medication or minimally invasive surgery.
How soon should I see a provider if I have symptoms?
If you experience pelvic pain, painful periods, or pain with intercourse that interferes with your daily life, schedule a consultation as soon as possible. Early diagnosis leads to better management and long-term health outcomes.
*Source: Endometriosis Foundation of America